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Football formations guide

A clear look at every popular football formation — from the classic 4-4-2 to the attacking 3-4-3 and the solid 5-4-1. See the shape, understand the idea, then build your own lineup in seconds.

4-4-2

Two banks of four and a front two. Compact, balanced and easy to organise — the timeless default for structured, counter-attacking sides.

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4-3-3

A back four, a midfield three and three forwards. Width from the wingers and a strong central trio make it the go-to shape for possession and high pressing.

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4-2-3-1

A double pivot shields the defence while three creative players supply a lone striker. One of the most balanced and widely used modern systems.

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4-1-4-1

A single holding midfielder anchors a flat four ahead of the defence. Defensively compact, ideal for controlling the centre and pressing in midfield.

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4-3-1-2

A narrow midfield three with a number 10 behind two strikers. Central overloads and quick combinations, but relies on full-backs for width.

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4-1-2-1-2

The classic narrow diamond. A holder and a 10 frame two central midfielders behind a front two — dominant through the middle, light on the flanks.

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4-4-1-1

A 4-4-2 variant with a second striker dropping into the hole. Adds a creative link between midfield and a lone target man.

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4-2-2-2

Two pivots, two wide attacking midfielders and two strikers. Direct and aggressive, with width from the attacking band rather than the full-backs.

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3-5-2

Three centre-backs, wing-backs providing width, and a packed midfield five behind two strikers. Controls the centre and overloads midfield.

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3-4-3

Three at the back with wing-backs and a front three. Aggressive and high, it commits numbers forward while relying on wing-backs to cover the flanks.

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3-4-1-2

A back three and midfield four with a number 10 behind two strikers. Central creativity with wing-back width.

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3-4-2-1

Three at the back, two inside forwards behind a lone striker. Compact and flexible, strong in the half-spaces.

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3-1-4-2

A back three with a single anchor and an advanced midfield four behind two strikers. Very attacking, demanding disciplined wing-backs.

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3-5-1-1

A back three and midfield five with a striker and a supporting forward. Solid and patient, built to control tempo.

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5-3-2

Five at the back (wing-backs tucked in), a midfield three and two strikers. Defensively solid, ideal for absorbing pressure and countering.

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5-4-1

A deep, compact block of five and four with a lone striker. The most defensive shape, designed to frustrate and counter.

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5-2-3

A back five with two central midfielders and a front three. Combines defensive security with a quick attacking outlet on the break.

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